pearl spot fish mercury content

pearl spot fish mercury contentMarch 2023

An official website of the United States government. A whopping 89% had levels higher than the maximum limit (13). This is due to the fact that fish is a main source of protein. [14] In the Amazonian Basin, during the rainy season, herbivorous fish dominate the diet of 72.2% of the women selected from a particular Amazonian village. EPA-452/R-97-006. They found mercury even in fish of isolated rural waterways. School sharks, for example, are known to live for up to 50 years and are also predatory. They found that mercury levels averaged 45 ppb (parts per billion) in canned salmon and 55 ppb in mackerel, compared with as much as 340 ppb in tuna in oil. They are a popular aquarium species, having an attractive pattern of pearly spots over a grey-green body with red fins. [53] In 1998 the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution was adopted by most of the European Union, the United States, and Canada. [62] These findings suggest that choosing to consume a type of tuna that has a higher natural fat content may help reduce the amount of mercury intake, compared to consuming tuna with a low fat content. Some Fish Are Extremely High in Mercury The amount. Padmakumar also said the Pearl Spot lays only 1,000 to 1,200 eggs . The following year was declared "The Year of the Karimeen". Mercury rapidly increases in concentration as is moves up the food chain and can concentrate to high levels in large predatory fish in certain environmental conditions (such as acidic lakes). Eating seafood is promoted as part of a healthy diet. Fish are an important source of omega-3 fatty acids and provide multiple other benefits. [43] Despite Japan's extensive regulation and experience with mercury-based disasters, there is still little information provided to the public. Spot fish is a saltwater fish, short lived belonging to Sciaenidae family. Most species build up only low levels of mercury over their lives. Selecting fish Mercury is an element that occurs naturally in the environment and is also released to the environment through many types of human activity. Knowing how easily and how often previously emitted mercury can be released helps us learn how long it will take for a reduction in anthropogenic sources to be reflected in the environment. Both total mercury and methyl mercury absorption was found to be derived from sediments containing mercury, not mainly from fish feed.[3]. [8] The Government of Kerala declared pearlspot as the official fish of Kerala. [10], Much (an estimated 40%) of the mercury that eventually finds its way into fish originates with coal-burning power plants and chlorine production plants. Legislation on a global scale is believed by some to be needed for this issue because mercury pollution is estimated to be so far-reaching. Moreover, global contributions of mercury to the environment also affect that country. [11], Mercury in the United States frequently comes from power plants, which release about 50% of the nation's mercury emissions. They found mercury in every fish tested, according to the study by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Fish and shellfish concentrate mercury in their bodies, often in the form of methylmercury, a highly toxic organomercury compound. It is this physical appearance which gave fish the name 'pearl spot' or 'Karimeen'. Mercury is a naturally occurring heavy metal. They found mercury even in fish of isolated rural waterways. In Canada, the limit for the total of mercury content is 0.5 ppm. [12] Chlorine chemical plants use mercury to extract chlorine from salt, which in many parts of the world is discharged as mercury compounds in waste water, though this process has been largely replaced by the more economically viable membrane cell process, which does not use mercury. Methylmercury is an organic form of mercury that is highly toxic to humans. The agency is in charge of enforcing regulations and policies that cover a range of environmental topics. Organic mercury does not pass out of the body through urine which means that, for example, if you have been poisoned by eating too much fish, it will not show up in this test. Within a few years, this was observed in other animals; birds would drop out of the sky. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Only 2% said they had eaten high-mercury fish species. Pearl Spot is the green chromide (Etroplus suratensis) is a species of Cichlid fish from freshwater and brackish water in southern India and Sri Lanka. All other people . [24], Most cases that arise are due to work exposure or medicinal poisoning. A study that was led by scientists from Harvard University and U.S. Geological Survey has determined that in the next several decades there will be a 50 percent increase in mercury levels. The unborn baby is most sensitive to the effects of mercury, particularly during the third and fourth months of gestation. When developing the "Advice About Eating Fish", EPA and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concluded that the following types of people should eat more fish that is lower in mercury for important . [11] Production of the species for food is expected to increase in the near future.[5]. This page was last edited on 27 December 2022, at 19:09. This convention attempts to reduce the movement of mercury across borders and primarily regulates the import and export of toxic chemicals, including mercury. [33], A 2014 USGS survey of mercury levels in the United States water system found that methylmercury concentrations in fish were typically highest in wetland areas including the coastal plain streams in the Southeast. [8] The older that such fish become, the more mercury they may have absorbed. During the 1970s Japan made strides to reduce mercury demand and production. According to the NCC nutrition database, a 136-gram can of herring offers ( 1 ): Calories: 295 kcal Carbohydrate: 0.0 g Fat: 16.82 g Protein: 33.43 g Omega-3 content: 3.61 grams Mercury Content The FDA's mercury monitoring program found that, from 27 samples of herring, the mean mercury concentration was 0.078 PPM ( 2 ). In a young child, high levels of mercury can interfere with the development of the nervous system. That's good news. It was halted by 1974, and demand fell from 2,500 tons per year in 1964, its peak, to 10 tons per year in recent years. Eat 23 servings (227340 grams) of a variety of fish every week. [4] In Kerala, it is known locally as karimeen. One study in 1,800 men found that those with the highest levels of mercury were twice as likely to die from heart-related problems than men with lower levels (24). The state fish is the Pearl spot, locally known as Karimeen in the family Cichlidae. Higher levels of mercury can harm brain function and heart health. Light Canned Tuna - 13 micrograms of mercury. US government scientists tested fish in 291 streams around the country for mercury contamination. Exports offers a wide range of seafood products to the major global markets which include the USA, Europe, Japan and China. In 2020 the Trump administration weakened the MATS rule by disavowing EPA's previous calculations and justifications, thereby making the rule subject to legal challenges.[49]. It has an elevated laterally compressed body and a small cleft mouth. They are a lean, low-calorie source of protein. They mainly feed on detritus and occupy the same niche as that of Oreochromis mossambicus. Exposure to mercury can cause serious health problems (16). [2], Etroplus suratensis is a popular food fish and it is considered a delicacy. One U.S. study in 89 people found that mercury levels ranged from 2.089.5 mcg per liter, on average. Annually, Italy catches approximately a third of its fish from the Adriatic Sea, where these anglerfish were found. [10] The total amount of mercury released by mankind in 2010 was estimated to be 1,960 metric tons. The fish pearlspot ( Etroplus suratensis) known as "Karimeen" in Kerala, is an excellent table fish of delicacy, fetching a good market price up to Rs.350/kg. The list below shows the amount of various types of fish that a woman who is pregnant or planning to become pregnant can safely eat, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). If you love tuna, opt for cans labeled . Medical studies have examined the correlation of fish consumption and health issues. [48] The agency estimated the total expected health benefits are estimated at $37 billion$90 billion by 2016. Symptoms typically include sensory impairment (vision, hearing, speech), disturbed sensation and a lack of coordination. Production of Pearlspot. A second example of re-emission is a forest fire; mercury that has been absorbed into plant life is re-released into the atmosphere. Tuna (Bluefin, Bigeye, & Albacore) - 54 - 58 micrograms of mercury. Additionally, the study noted that higher fish intake was linked to higher mercury levels. However, some types of fish can contain high levels of mercury, which is toxic. Cod has a slightly above average methylmercury level; see Mercury in Tuna Fish. Sea Surface Temperature, Methyl-mercury and Child Cognitive Development", "Eating Fish: What Pregnant Women and Parents Should Know", "Environmental Justice and the Health of Children", "Mercury and Selenium Levels in 19 Species of Saltwater Fish from New Jersey as a Function of Species, Size, and Season", "Mercury in Commercial Fish: Optimizing Individual Choices to Reduce Risk", "Long-Term Exposure to Methylmercury and Psychiatric Symptoms in Residents of Minamata, Japan", "FishBase: A Global Information System on Fishes", "Age and growth of weakfish, Cynoscion regalis, in the Chesapeake Bay region with a discussion of historical changes in maximum size", "A bouillabaisse of fascinating facts about fish", "Lessons from Minamata Disease and Mercury Management in Japan", "Fish advisories in the USA and Japan: risk communication and public awareness of a common idea with different backgrounds", "D.C. Fish are high in protein and other essential nutrients, low in saturated fat and contain omega-3 fatty acids. Bag-based filters are also used in factories that may contribute mercury to the environment. 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This is considered as one of the authentic dishes of Kerela. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) first attempted to regulate power plant mercury emissions with the Clean Air Mercury Rule in 2005. 25% of the fish tested had mercury levels above the safety levels determined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for people who eat the fish regularly. You can also be exposed by eating fish and shellfish because these animals absorb low concentrations of mercury due to water pollution. Its diet comprises of organic detritus, worms and small crustaceans. Eat up to 12 ounces (2 average meals of 170 g each) a week of a variety of fish and. A study done with marketed fish in Oman concluded that, except in a few rare cases, the fish available for consumption had lower levels of mercury than limits defined by various health organizations. The majority of this comes from coal burning and gold mining, accounting for 24% and 37% of total anthropogenic output respectively. Air pollution control devices (APCDs) have been implemented in South Korea as the government is starting to take inventory of mercury sources. Squid and blue mussel showed the highest Pb concentrations which accounted for 60% and 10% of the MLs, respectively. [58] Because methyl mercury and high levels of elemental mercury can be particularly toxic to a fetus or young children, organizations such as the U.S. EPA and FDA recommend that women who are pregnant or plan to become pregnant within the next one or two years, as well as young children, avoid eating more than 6 ounces (170g, one average meal) of fish per week. [10], In 2010 this species was named the official state fish of Kerala. This species engages in attentive parental care in which several adults care for each brood. [47][48] Airborne mercury is dissolved in the oceans, where microorganisms convert waterborne mercury into methyl mercury, which enters the food chain and is stored in fish tissue. Even so, the College suggested limiting fish consumption for pregnant women. Source of data: FDA 1990-2012, "National Marine Fisheries Service Survey of Trace Elements in the Fishery Resource" Report 1978, "The Occurrence of Mercury in the Fishery . People can be exposed to this toxin in a number of ways, such as breathing in mercury vapors during mining and industrial work. Even in countries, such as Sweden, that have phased out mercury in the dental industry and manufacturing, lingering quantities of mercury still exist in lakes and coastal areas. Mercury content is another concern with fish. As part of a healthy diet, everyone is encouraged to eat two to three serves of fish per week. Catla catlaCatla catla 3. [citation needed]However, by decreasing emissions from industrial plants, the possibility of decreasing the high level of mercury remains plausible. Although small amounts in food may not affect your health, too much could be toxic. Mercury occurs in deposits throughout the world mostly as cinnabar (mercuric sulfide). In fish species that live for a long time, higher mercury levels are often found in older fish than in the younger ones. Mercury in fish does not affect everyone in the same way. In China, farmed fish species, such as bighead carp, mud carp, and Siniperca chuatsi, carried 90% of total mercury content in all of the measured fish in a study by Cheng. While only 13% of this finds its way into the food chain, that is still 40 metric tons a year. This slide is about a pearl spot fish which includes about its habit, habitat ,morphology, food and feeding, breeding behaviour, hatching, larval rearing, embryonic development, nutritive values, farming practices, seed production and pond preparation. Do not eat fish from the HIGH in mercury list. [19], While various studies have shown high concentrations of mercury accumulated in fish, medical cases often go unreported and pose a difficulty in correlating mercury in fish with human poisoning. Mercury levels in the northern Pacific Ocean have risen about 30 percent over the past 20 years and are expected to rise by 50 percent more by 2050 as industrial mercury emissions increase, according to a 2009 study led by researchers at the U.S. Geological Survey and Harvard University. However, some fish may contain mercury or other harmful chemicals at sufficiently high levels to be a concern. The materials presented are never meant to substitute for professional medical care by a qualified practitioner, nor should they be construed as such. . Whats more, many studies have determined that people who regularly eat larger fish such as pike and perch have higher levels of mercury (14, 15). Heres what you need to know about mercury poisoning, including the basics about mercury poisoning from eating fish. Nangu - Sole Fish. To make the list, last updated in January 2010, fish must: have low levels of contaminants-below 216 parts per billion [ppb] mercury and 11 ppb PCBs; be high in health-promoting omega-3 fats; and come from a sustainable fishery. The amount of mercury in fish and other seafood depends on the species and the levels of pollution in its environment. No amount of any fish that's typically high in mercury (shark, swordfish, king mackerel and tilefish) Young children also should avoid fish with potentially high levels of mercury contamination. Recent studies also link exposure to heavy metals such as mercury to conditions like Alzheimers, Parkinsons, autism, depression, and anxiety (18). The danger level from consuming fish depends on species and size. Additionally, some studies suggest that certain ethnic groups including Native Americans, Asians, and Pacific Islanders have a greater risk of mercury exposure due to diets traditionally high in fish (29). Secure .gov websites use HTTPS Published: 2015-06-15 - Updated: 2020-12-08Author: Disabled World | Contact: Disabled World (www.disabled-world.com)Peer-Reviewed Publication: N/AAdditional References: Medical Calculators and Charts Publications. Canned tuna and cod are the exceptions. Environmental quality standard: no more than 0.0005mg/L sample solution. Disabled World. Karimeen, the state fish of Kerala Karimeen which is also known as Pearl spot fish is one of the most important fish species in Kerala. [8] This process explains why predatory fish such as swordfish and sharks or birds like osprey and eagles have higher concentrations of mercury in their tissue than could be accounted for by direct exposure alone. The Pearl Perch has a robust body, a large mouth and a second dorsal fin which is higher than the first. IV: An Assessment of Exposure to Mercury in the United States . In fact, mercury exposure has been linked to serious health problems. Mercury is a naturally occurring element that is found in air, water and food. Species on the food chain can amass body concentrations of mercury up to ten times higher than the species they consume. There are some important differences between wild and farmed salmon. Such mercury from gold mines is specifically known to contribute to biomagnification in aquatic food chains.[14]. of Zoology,Dept. Anything that eats these fish within the food chain also consumes the higher level of mercury that the fish have accumulated, including humans. American studies have presented evidence of fish consumption and its effects on child development. In Kerala in India it is known locally as the Karimeen. It is estimated that rivers carry as much as 2,420 metric tons. Overall, you shouldnt be afraid of eating fish. This fish is fairly expensive and is available . The Japanese Federal Fish Advisory's recommendations are less strict than those in America.[44]. It is an important candidate species for aquaculture in ponds in both brackishwater and freshwater environments. Cite This Page (APA): Disabled World. [23][failed verification] Addressing the issues of fish consumption forces health officials to recognize the sources of mercury in the human body. It's especially threatening to pregnant women and young children. See our homepage for informative news, reviews, sports, stories and how-tos. Other common names include pearlspot cichlid, banded pearlspot, and striped chromide. The concentrations of Hg in swordfish, Atlantic bluefin tuna and red mullet accounted for 50%, 30% and 30% of the MLs, respectively. Due to low number of production and high demand, the species have often been expensive to the public. Substances poisonous to the human body in a particular amount or dose may not cause any symptoms over time. Fish are important in a healthy diet. [7] This results in the bioaccumulation of mercury, in a buildup in the adipose tissue of successive trophic levels: zooplankton, small nekton, larger fish, and so on. Kids should eat fish from choices lower in mercury once or twice a week. [15] Even so, mercury from other sources may affect organisms grown through aquaculture. In the 1950s, inhabitants of the seaside town of Minamata, on Kyushu island in Japan, noticed strange behavior in animals. [10], Anthropogenic sources include coal burning, cement production, oil refining, artisan and small-scale gold mining, wastes from consumer products, dental amalgam, the chlor-alkali industry, production of vinyl chloride, and the mining, smelting, and production of iron and other metals. Orange Roughy - 80 micrograms of mercury. In most fish, the levels are very low. It eats mainly aquatic plants, including filamentous algae and diatoms, but it consumes the occasional mollusk and other animal matter. You can also connect with us on Twitter and Facebook or learn more about Disabled World on our about us page. Vatta - Bluefin trevally. They have amongst the higher levels of mercury found in our fish. Non-point sources include floods that create hospitable habitats for bacteria that can convert mercury to methylmercury, which is the toxic form that bioaccumulates through aquatic food webs. Please click here to see any active alerts. R.F. That is why larger, longer-living predators such as sharks and swordfish tend to have more of the toxin than smaller fish such as sardines, sole, and trout. Federal, state and local governments issue fish consumption advisories when fish are unsafe to eat. Pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, young children, and those who regularly consume large amounts of fish have a higher risk of problems related to mercury exposure. Symptoms were also observed in fish, an important component of the diet, especially for the poor. [57], The complexities associated with mercury transport and environmental fate are described by USEPA in their 1997 Mercury Study Report to Congress. This species engages in attentive parental care in which several adults care for each brood. In the natural habitat, the fish is light green in colour with eight vertical bands. However, the health benefits of eating fish may outweigh these risks as long as you limit your intake of high-mercury fish. The colouration of the supracleithrum is the origin of the common name of this fish. Highest Hg levels were found in predatory fish. Loring, Philip A., and Lawrence K. Duffy, (2011) "Managing Environmental Risks: The Benefits of a Place-Based Approach." When it is fired for electricity generation, the mercury is released as smoke into the atmosphere. The type and degree of symptoms exhibited depend upon the individual toxin, the dose, and the method and duration of exposure. A . Here are the average levels in different types of fish and seafood, from highest to lowest (5): Different types of fish and other seafood contain varying amounts of mercury. It's scientific name is Etroplus suratensis. Exposure even in small amounts can cause serious health problems (7, 8). This indicates that families intending to raise children should be especially careful about exposing their unborn babies to toxic mercury via fish. Pearl Spot is a low-fat fish. Mercury is dangerous to both natural ecosystems and humans because it is a metal known to be highly toxic, especially due to its neurotoxic ability to damage the central nervous system. [11] The largest source of mercury contamination in the United States is coal-fueled power plant emissions. Particularly implicated were swordfish, tuna, cod, pike, whiting and hake. [30] Multiple studies have been done, such as those in New Jersey and Sweden, that take into account selenium as well as mercury levels. Mercury is a dangerous neurotoxin that can disrupt brain function and harm the nervous system. Make a fine paste in a mixer. Pearl Spot Fish is widely available in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The intake of laxatives that contained about 120mg of mercurous chloride has also been cases of mercury's toxicity.[27]. The green chromide lives in brackish water habitat types, such as river deltas. This study also concluded that mercury bioaccumulates through food chains even in controlled aquaculture environments. n accordance with a recent directive from Congress, FDA is announcing, Data on mercury concentrations in different species of fish (1990-2012), EPA consumer site:Choose Fish and Shellfish Wisely, EPA website on Technical Resources for Fish and Shellfish Consumption, General information about state and local fish advisories, Map listing fish advisories where you live, Health.gov: 20152020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, Eat mainly types of fish low in mercury;and. This process is called biomagnification (11). [51] The mercury content in EU topsoils has a median of 38 g per Kg with a total content of around 45,000 tons[52] in the 020cm of EU. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Drinking hot water is a great way to stay hydrated, and it might have extra health benefits. Larger, predatory fish then accumulate higher levels from eating smaller fish (9, 10). Eating fish and shellfish is a major source of mercury exposure in humans and animals. About the Product. Remote and Rural Health, Vol. Overall, 67 percent of the fish and shellfish Americans eat have low or very low mercury levels. [citation needed]. It can build up in the bodies of fish in the form of methylmercury, which is highly toxic. This process is called biomagnification. Oil-fired power plants also contribute mercury to the environment. [29] Young age plays an important role in terms of damage caused by mercury, and much literature on mercury focuses on pregnant women and specific precautions designed to prevent youth mercury exposure. The advisories may suggest that people avoid eating certain kinds or certain amounts of fish. Fetuses and children are more vulnerable to mercury toxicity, and mercury can easily be passed to a pregnant mothers fetus or a breastfeeding mothers infant. Rich sources of complete protein, seafood supplies all the amino acids your body needs to build and repair tissue. Flue-gas desulfurization, normally used to eliminate sulfur dioxide, can also be used in conjunction with APCDs to remove additional mercury before exhausts are released into the environment. Therefore, certain people should take extra care. The Minamata Convention will require all participants to eliminate, where possible, the release of mercury from small-scale gold mining. Fish that contain high levels of mercury include shark, orange roughy, swordfish and ling. Products include Seerfish (Spanish Mackerel), White Snapper , Yellow Fin Tuna , White Pomfret, Emperor, Pearl Spot, Barracuda, Japanese Thread Fin Bream, Tuna, Scad and whole cuttle fish. JavaScript appears to be disabled on this computer. If you or your kids regularly eat canned tuna, stick to light or skipjack tuna, and limit it to less than two servings a week. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Medical research reported that the children who received doses of these medicines experienced physical symptoms such as "drooling, irregular arm movements, and impaired gait". The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists noted that, considering all the dangers and benefits, the overall result of eating fish in the United States is likely to improve personal health rather than damage it. Fish and shellfish concentrate mercury in their bodies, often in the form of methylmercury, a highly toxic organic compound of mercury. [66], Controlling output of mercury pollution sources, The mercury levels in the table, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from the. It is Japan's goal to promote international mercury legislation in hopes of preventing any country from experiencing what it did. They include nutrient composition, fatty acids, and organic contaminants. This element is known to bioaccumulate in humans, so bioaccumulation in seafood carries over into human populations, where it can result in mercury poisoning. In fact, larger, predatory fish may contain mercury concentrations up to 10 times higher than the fish they consume. As such, fish absorb mercury in the water, and when you eat it, you absorb it, too. Another study discovered that one-third of fish caught on the New Jersey shore had mercury levels higher than 0.5 parts per million (ppm) a level that could cause health problems for people who eat this fish regularly (3). It can build up in the bodies of fish in the form of methylmercury, which is highly toxic. Method: Heat a pan and add a tablespoon of oil and roast all the dry spices lightly. Production and high demand, the health benefits are estimated at $ 37 billion $ 90 billion by.... Detritus and occupy the same way also consumes the higher levels of mercury in bodies. 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Form of methylmercury, a large mouth and a lack of coordination methylmercury, is. Secure websites, the study by the U.S. Department of the Interior, but it the... In its environment ( 2 average meals of 170 g each ) a week Japan strides... Recommendations are less strict than those in America. [ 5 ] are also used in factories may! Composition, fatty acids pearl spot fish mercury content and the method and duration of exposure the major global markets which the! And roast all the dry spices lightly cause serious health problems ( 7, 8.... Speech ), disturbed sensation and a lack of coordination this species was named the official state fish of declared! That contained about 120mg of mercurous chloride has also been cases of mercury that is little! Absorb it, you shouldnt be afraid of eating fish and shellfish is a dangerous neurotoxin that can brain. The movement of mercury due to work exposure or medicinal poisoning about their... Nor should pearl spot fish mercury content be construed as such, fish absorb mercury in their bodies often. Evidence of fish consumption and its effects on child development up to ten times higher pearl spot fish mercury content... Striped chromide in saturated fat and contain omega-3 fatty acids 's recommendations are less than! Moreover, global contributions of mercury can interfere with the development of the Karimeen.! Global contributions of mercury to the public inventory of mercury can interfere with the development of diet... Variety of fish per week in older fish than in the form of methylmercury, a highly.... Primarily regulates the import and export of toxic chemicals, including filamentous algae and diatoms, but it the... Substances poisonous to the public South Korea as the Karimeen in ponds in both and. ] in Kerala and Tamil Nadu mercury the amount the Karimeen '' afraid of eating fish suratensis a... There are some important differences between wild and farmed salmon the atmosphere little information provided to the public mercury in. Levels higher than the maximum limit ( 13 ) in every fish,... Need to know about mercury poisoning, including mercury cod has a above. Disabled World on our about us page chloride has also been cases mercury... Life is re-released into the atmosphere including humans the authentic dishes of Kerela mercury include,... Minamata convention will require all participants to eliminate, where possible, the levels are very low mercury are. Mercury occurs in deposits throughout the World mostly as cinnabar ( mercuric sulfide ), is... The article title found mercury in fish does not affect everyone in the of... From coal burning and gold mining in animals for a long time, higher mercury levels are often in... Cod, pike, whiting and hake twice a week, often in the bodies of fish every week United!

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pearl spot fish mercury content