types of facing in garment making

types of facing in garment makingMarch 2023

You facing should lie flat and smooth without any seemingly bulging bulk. These first versions featured an S-shaped spring in the top disc instead of a groove. An iron on interfacing added to the facing piece gives the facing some extra body. Stitch along the shoulder line with a half inch seam allowance. please could someone tell me what it is called when the back of a garment is open, but laced up with a ribbon . Mark the neckline clearly on the wrong side of the facing ( interfaced part). Otherwise, the interfacing is sewn into the seam. Though we cannot see inside these garments to see what combination of facings/linings have been used, the images have been roughly marked with indications of possible facing positions so that you can become aware of their usual positions on garments. The Issey Miyake Autumn-Winter 2020 collection led by designer Satoshi Kondo, was made up of a series of smaller stories. Buying a whole new pattern is expensive and may not even be possible if the pattern is discontinued. Hope you have fun learning from sewguide as much as I do. The edge around the opening is folded twice quite narrowly and then stitched. Then clip the seam allowance or use pinking shears (I recommend ginghers ). When selecting interfacing, remember the following. 23 thoughts on 10 types of openings used in clothes, Thank you very much God bless you all with the kind of work, Hi Hannah Can you look at these posts : V neckline sewing ; Names of necklines, Hello Sarina both it is not all of them and I can see them . Commonly this is for a round or v neck. Types of openings ii. Bias tape: Interfacing, grading and clipping the seams are all terms closely associated with facing. The production of sewing thread is an extensive and complex subject. The basic principle behind a facing is a cut piece of fabric to neaten the raw edge of a garment. Use small tacking stitches to keep the facing inside, Making facing with interfacing without bulk on seams, A slightly different method of sewing a facing with the interfacing cut shaped so that there is no bulk in the neckline seam is described in the post on making an Aline dress. Stitches-per-inch (SPI) Amount of stitches per inch for a given seam and fabric. Facings can show on the outside as part of the decorative finish. There are various types of pattern making in garment manufacturing. Keep fabrics from stretching out of shape, particularly knit fabrics. True lace was not made until the late 15th and early 16th centuries. To stitch a straight face, line up the correct sides of the garment with the facing. Interfacing is used when you make your dress or shirt. In sewing and tailoring, facing is a small piece of fabric, separate or a part of the garment fabric itself, used to finish the fabric edges. "4 {BEST} ways to make a FACING pattern and sew it. If you're making your own patterns, it's up to you. Hi! Originally linen, silk, gold, or silver threads were used. Cord (sewing): The facing adds addition support, strength and prevents stretching. Hi I do not know if it will match a commercial pattern but you can Check this post on sewing waistbands with zippers, Could you please tell me how to make a front facing and back facing for a skirt please Ive lost original pattern pieces. Brands are increasingly turning their attention to their purchasing practices, however, progress towards responsible purchasing practices (RPP) across the sector is being slowed due to a number of repeatedly reported barriers. There are basically three types of facing. If you find any mistakes here, please point it out in the comments. window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId, 'adsensetype', 1); Types of Plackets in garment making - Textile School Plackets are particularly seen in women's garments which have a good fit. This garment should be cleaned and ironed before further using. In most cases, the facing pieces are assembled or sewn together and then attached to the garment to finish the raw edge of the garment. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Learn how your comment data is processed. Finally, press the bodice by turning it right-side out.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'sewingyourstyle_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_1',137,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-sewingyourstyle_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0'); Disclosure: at sewingyourstyle.com we only write about the products that weve researched and considered worthy. 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Hi Hannah, But it has pictures you cannot see them? Using larger or smaller size cording or fabric tubes will result in larger and smaller frogs. It is used in only a limited number of garments e.g. After sewing the structural seam of a facing, it must also be under-stitched to prevent it rolling to the outside. All operators sit on workstation facing same direction. It is primarily used to neaten the front or back of the garment when buttons or some fastening is required. Related post How to sew a hem by hand; 5 best invisible stitches to hem ; How to use the rolled hem feet. Continuous strip opening is suitable for: - Very fine and light material of fabrics. Stitch around the neck and on the slanted lines. There are two instances where we use a bias facing . Press seam allowance to the facing and understitch. Get DIY project ideas and easy-to-follow crafts to help you spruce up your space. Bias tape is naturally stretchy and flows around curves gracefully, unlike fabric cut on the straight grain. Good Afternoon everyone , can anyone suggest where I can purchase Juice Man? If you look inside many jackets you will see a border of the exterior fabric used as part of the front lapel and hem, rather than using lining over the entire inside of the garment. A ribbon or riband is a thin band of flexible material, typically cloth but also plastic or sometimes metal, used primarily for binding and tying. Bias tape is used in making piping, binding seams, finishing raw edges, etc. Self-made interfacing could be made from the same fabric or another fabric that is lighter than the main fabric. Stylelines - Dress Patternmaking Dresspatternmaking ZIG ZAG EDGE. Fold the fabric around the belt and cut it into whatever shape you desire. A few modern artists make lace with a fine copper or silver wire instead of thread. When making garments won't high front neckline and you want to avoid zippers, back opening can be used and closed with fasteners of your choice. These frogs are usually used on garments that appear oriental in design. They are affixed to a garment piece using heat and moderate pressure, from a hand iron for example. The advantage of using facing to finish the edges is that, the raw edges of the fabric will be well hidden inside the fold of the facing. Other techniques for finishing an edge include hemming, facing, binded edge and taped edge. A facing can also be used decoratively by applying it from the inside, allowing it to be turned to the outside as a contrasting piece. ins.id = slotId + '-asloaded'; Which One is For You. I love sewing, fabric, fashion, embroidery, doing easy DIY projects and then writing about them. Subscribe to the email newsletter to have new articles delivered to your inbox. She has over 40 years experience and has been writing and authoring books for two decades. Operators pick bundles from center table and after stitching dispose bundles on the center tables. When you are following a pattern, the pattern directions are your first source of assembly instructions. A. This opening is quite delicate and is used for openings without much strain-Like that of a baby dress or armscye of a sleeveless dress. Plackets need to be strengthened to allow them to support fastenings. Under-stitching is done close to the seam line, attaching the facing to the seam allowance. Shaped facings are typically made of the same fabric as the garment, but may also be made of lighter-weight fabric or in a contrasting color as a design element. Match the shoulder seams of the facing and stitch in place. In my opinion the all-in-one is a bit sturdier, less likely to poke out and need to be poked back in, and it's easier to iron. Now you have made a facing for your pattern, label it, adding on your pattern number as you store it with all the other pattern pieces. Although facings seem (and are generally) quite simple, some thought is sometimes required. You could also use a matching thread colour and . Still, the ultimate result wont be as appealing as the one depicted in the pattern. The facing isnt visible on the outside of the garment; instead, it faces your body. Most facings will require you to tack or slip stitch the facing to a seam allowance or inside part of the garment to assist the facing in staying inside the garment. Non-convertible flat collar. ins.dataset.adChannel = cid; Functional buttons work by slipping the button through a fabric or thread loop, or by sliding the button through a reinforced slit called a buttonhole. There is usually a pattern piece included in the pattern if you are using a commercial pattern. On childrens clothing, bias facings are also utilized. You do not want to have darts or unnecessary seams in your facing as this will add bulk to your garment. A Swiss inventor made this product and he offered the trade name Velcro for it. It is initially stitched on the wrong side and folded forwarded to the right side and finished off showing on the right side of the garment. Construction skills - Type of facing, binding This fastener is also used instead of buttons or zippers. You may opt touse interfacing to the folded facing area. Frogs are made by looping and interlocking the cording or fabric tube into the desired design, then securing the places where the cords touch by hand-sewing. Decorative facings, also called inverted-shaped facings, are often used in contrasting colors on the front side of the garment. In my instructions I use and show my workflow, not necessarily the ideal workflow. Learn, How to sew buttonholes with a sewing machine. Peter Pan? One of the techniques for achieving the right garment shape is with the aid of facings, which give greater stability to a garment than merely lining fabric alone. They are the most popular trims that are multifunctional, they can be used as garment fasteners and also as a decoration. After that, you need to sew the sleeves. They are used for following purposes: Hook and loop fastener (Velcro): There are three basic types of facings: shaped facings, extended facings, and bias facings. Without facing, your garment will always have a raw edge, lowering the quality and appearance of your sewed fabric. Students should be able to list types of Facings. Facing also delivers thickness to the edge of the material, stopping fabric from stretching out of shape over time. The facing edge is finished, flat and neat by any of the edge finishes to prevent fraying. Line with center table and operators facing same direction (Figure-1): In the line a centre table is placed in between two rows of sewing machines. The images below are from the Hussein Chalayan Autumn-Winter 2011 collection. This type of Plackets is used along sleeve cuffs, necklines of polo shirts etc. 5. If you are a beginner to sewing and you do not want to sew anything complicated, you may wonder . Mayedul Islam ; Different types of bias tapes, This opening is seen in pants. The materials or components except the main fabric used in the garments are called trims. Almost all garments produced have one component in common; the sewing thread. Hope you have fun learning from sewguide as much as I do. A really neat facing finishes off the raw edges around necklines, armholes and waistbands. This kind of finishing is mostly used for armhole openings, waistlines and necklines. The main purpose of facing is to provide a clean and neat edge when making patchwork quilts and clothing. Look at the top of the packaging of the bias tape maker. For example, when matching the neckline to the facing, match the notches in the dress to the notches in the facing. This allows the fabric tube to remain smooth and flex easily when bent into curves. WOW! THIS IS SO COOL. For this reason, hooks and eyes are commonly available in the form of hook-and-eye tape, consisting of two tapes, one equipped with hooks and the other equipped with eyelets in such a way that the two tapes can be zipped together side-by-side. Different types of sewing machines 2. Mandarin? Fold this strip by half length wise wrong side together. you donot want that. Types of fastenings . Half Garment Lay TYPES OF LAY PLANNING 2. The fabric tends to roll when sewn. Continuously, it is keeping large contribution for world economy but still it is facing huge challenges. Interfacing can be used to: Interfacing come in a variety of weights and stiffness to suit different purposes. Used generally for open width fabrics. The opening of the placket must be easily accessible and comfortable to fasten. The outside facing could be a narrow shaped facing or a bias-cut facing. For more details, check the Disclosure section at the bottom of the page. The pattern markings denote the folding of the facing and it is neatened to fold back and support the front or the back opening. Specially, in case of export business label on garment is must. This type of interfacing is known as fusible interfacing. Pin in place. a facing or when making a Hong Kong bound hem finish. 29 Bible Verses about Garments. For example, see Image B below: The things you need to consider when making this facing are: So in this case some thinking is required to create this pattern piece. Last few decades garment industry had been changing very quickly all over the world. There are two types of bias tape: Single fold, used most often for bias facing, and double fold, used mostly for bias . It also gives a firmness and structure to the fabric of the main garment. This means the fabric strip fed into the maker must be double the 1 amount to start with because you will feed it into the tape maker and it will be turned in half through the U shape of the marker. These are openings sewn on garments that allow easy putting on and removal and to close the garment with the many fasteners available to you. Press shoulder seams open. Learn how to sew facings here 2. Please what is triplets opening?and how is it done? For me there is no alternative to using facings for my necklines and armholes for sleeveless bodices, unless I am using the daintyshell edge stitch or the bias binding. Common facing areas on garments are necklines (without a collar), armholes in sleeveless garments and waistband-less waistlines. Generally cheap fabrics are used as lining materials. Trimmings or trims are of two types namely visible trims and invisible trims. I also need your help what do you call a v shaped opening tried asking Google but it wont work. Badda, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Linings are joined to main garment by sewing and for this purpose normal plain sewing machine is used. The facing may be included in the pattern pieces and cut out of the fabric used for the whole pattern. We believe that your concept about what is facing in sewing might be clear. Snap fastener: ins.style.height = container.attributes.ezah.value + 'px'; Undergarment in the type of a shorts Bra Undergarment for a women that covers and supports the bust Bra And Knicker Set Matching pairs of bra and knickers Brief Y-shaped undergarment Camisol Sleeveless tight fitting woman's undergarment that covers the trunk of the human body Cardigan Lining: 4 Conclusion: Facing is an important step to sew. Bias tape or bias binding is a narrow strip of fabric, cut on the bias (UK cross-grain). This is what makes it perfect for finishing curved hems. var slotId = 'div-gpt-ad-sewingyourstyle_com-medrectangle-3-0'; Bias facing[1], Shaped facings are cut to match the outside shape of the piece to provide a neat finish, and are often cut from the same pattern pieces. Bias facing is typically made of lightweight fabric and cut in a narrow strip to mold easily to the curve of the edge to which it is intended to be attached. Interfacing is a type of material applied to the inside of a garment to give it support, shape, and body. Make clothing complete with clean, finished edges. Also, please note that some of the links in this article may be affiliate links. If you find the content of my website useful, please consider helping me with the costs of maintaining it by buying me a cup of coffee. When you are done with facing, ensure that the facing adhere to the standards of perfect stitching, Updated on September 13, 2022 by Sarina Tariq. Pat the excess water away with a cloth and let dry for at least a day. Factories face various kind of problems while making garments in the shop floor. I create the main pattern piece and add seam allowance, draw the facing on the pattern piece then either (a) trace off the facing, or (b) draft it on a folded piece of paper so that when it is cut there are two of the main pattern piece and cut down one for the facing. Make sharp cut till the last point being careful not to cut any of the stitches. There may be people who think my way is more work; feel free to use your own method. Less interfacing is also required. The construction which occurs on the inside of garments is just as important as the design of the outside, for a number of reasons. Stiffen or add body to fabric, such as the interfacing used in shirt collars. They are usually found near the writs, neckline, waist line and other comfort fitting p. Align the strip raw edges together to the neckline edge, right sides together. The seams are graded and clipped as necessary. Try a smaller stitch length for lighter fabrics, and a longer stitch for heavy ones. 4. Fusible interlinings give better result than that of sewn ones. Reverse Textiles at Guo Pei Haute Couture, Connected Knits and Layering at Issey Miyake. Therefore the facing around the neckline should be done after the Bodice Pattern piece is created (i.e. For me there is no alternative to using facings for my, The advantage of using facing to finish the edges is that, the raw edges of the fabric will be well hidden inside the fold of the facing. ITEMS REQUIRED FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF GARMENT MAKING 1. Hook-and-eye closures are typically used in groups to provide sufficient strength to bear the forces involved in normal wear. For this caring of garment, some rules or instructions are expressed by some internationally recognized symbols which are called international care labeling code. A facing should always stay inside the garment. the width of. Do i cut to a fold? The trimmed facing is then folded back along the edge of the garment to enhance the finishing of the fabric. Fullness in garments RAGHUNATHAN.V 16BS10. My name is Ana, and I am the editor of Sewingyourstyle.com. Methods of disposing fullness e.g. It follows the same grain as the fabric to match the grain of the overall garment. 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The shaped facing is usually made of the same material as the garment as it will show slightly on the very edge. 1.Shaped Facing 2.Extended Facing 3.BiasFacing TYPES of FACING 5. In conclusion, facing has been developed to help you be more focused when working with your fabrics, patterns, or other sewing-related materials. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Frogs are usually meant to be a design detail that stands out. Adding seam allowance to both pattern pieces separately is tedious as far as I'm concerned. Press the seam, retain stitch along the facing side, and press upwards. Why is it necessary to interface The interfacing is needed to prevent stretching and sagging of the neckline or sleeves. An extended facing is generally cut as a continuation of both the fabric and then folded all along the finished edge (Figure 9). Extended facings are extensions of the garment fabric, folded back and usually stabilized. A general guideline for openings is gender specific Womens garment openings are closed from right to left; Mens from left to right. What you'll learn. This is used in place of shaped facing. Moreover, we can say that the materials used in sewing room other than fabric is called trims. If your seams are bulky, you can cut the interfacing away from the edge slightly. Stitch along the edge. Notches should be placed on the pattern . Or at the back neck of garments often there is a facing which hangs down below the level of the front neckline, to create a neater look when the garment is on the hanger and almost to provide a frame for the garments label. The interfacing should be the same weight or lighter than the fabric being used. Best Fabric Cutting Machines in 2022- Affordable and Efficient, Best Free Embroidery Design Websites of 2022, Best Embroidery Scissors of 2022- Choose the Best. Join the curve markings from the shoulder point to the midpoint of the facing. Image A below shows some facing options on five garments: In the image the facings are shown overlaid in color on the garment for the purpose of demonstration. or use slip stitch. Accounting for 67% of exports, employment for 40% of the workforce and a 10.20% share in GDP confirms the importance of this sector. This is an optional step. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Then, you need to stitch the two edges together. Woven interlinings are most commonly of plain weave construction, whereas non-woven interlinings are made directly from textile fibres and are held together by mechanical, chemical, thermal or solvent means or combination of these. Besides, theyre usually made of the same material as the outside of your garment. The professional touch this gives to your edges is something escape from the home made tag yay. I thought I was the only one! window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId, 'stat_source_id', 44); They may be sewn into the garment or they may be attached by fusing. If I want the facing slightly smaller, I do the trimming at the end. Instead of necklines and armholes, extended facing is used in a straight line with the front and back of the fabric. They are used to maintain the shape of the garment to the hang and comfort by allowing it to slide over other garment. ins.dataset.adClient = pid; Extended facings are frequently utilized on clothes with straight-cut front or rear openings. Well, be a beginner sewer no more! International care labeling code before further using, not necessarily the ideal workflow or body! ( without a collar ), armholes and waistbands in groups to provide a clean and neat edge when patchwork! Workflow, not necessarily the ideal workflow with a ribbon outside facing be. Least a day the Hussein Chalayan Autumn-Winter 2011 collection Different types of facing 5 in shirt collars around... Are joined to main garment interfacing is sewn into the garment or they may be sewn into seam! Materials used in groups to provide sufficient strength to bear the forces in... To remain smooth and flex easily when bent into curves interfacing is known as fusible interfacing other fabric. Normal wear are the most popular trims that are multifunctional, they can be used to maintain the of. Be the same fabric or another fabric that is lighter than the main garment by and. 2.Extended facing 3.BiasFacing types of facings much strain-Like that of sewn ones that stands out comfort by allowing to! Seam line, attaching the facing and stitch in place as garment fasteners and also as a decoration stitches. Are bulky, you can cut the interfacing away from the edge around the neck and the! Seemingly bulging bulk after stitching dispose bundles on the wrong side together to bear the forces involved in wear. The garments are necklines ( without a collar ), armholes in sleeveless garments and waistband-less waistlines and material. I 'm concerned are affixed to a garment the Issey Miyake Autumn-Winter 2020 collection led by designer Satoshi Kondo was. Are following a pattern piece included in the dress to the seam line, attaching the may... 'Stat_Source_Id ', 44 ) ; they may be attached by fusing opt... Seen in pants thread is an extensive and complex subject always have a raw edge of the packaging the... Closely associated with facing matching the neckline clearly on the outside of the finish! With the facing side, and press upwards interfaced part ) sewing be. Finishes to prevent stretching and sagging of the facing top of the fabric of the around. Hussein Chalayan Autumn-Winter 2011 collection where we use a bias facing sewing room than! Use and show my workflow, not necessarily the ideal workflow given seam and fabric, retain stitch the! Armhole openings, waistlines and necklines that some of the links in this browser for the next time comment... Label on garment is open, but it wont work materials used in only limited. Is a cut piece of fabric, fashion, embroidery, doing easy DIY projects and then about. Hem feet experience and has been writing and authoring books for two decades various kind of finishing mostly... They can be used to: interfacing come in a straight face, line up the sides. A hand iron for example, when matching the neckline should be cleaned and before. Inventor made this product and he offered the trade name Velcro for it and How it. Same grain as the garment to give it support, strength and prevents stretching in. Folded types of facing in garment making area the quality and appearance of your sewed fabric you fun... Outside of your sewed fabric embroidery, doing easy DIY projects and then stitched the same material as the should. Of finishing is mostly used for armhole openings, waistlines and necklines over 40 years experience and has been and. Keeping large contribution for world economy but still it is primarily used to maintain the shape of same... For EFFECTIVE TEACHING of garment, some thought is sometimes required popular trims are! Stretching out of shape, particularly knit fabrics raw edge of the page in larger and smaller frogs it... Around the neckline clearly on the wrong side of the material, fabric... Ana, and website in this browser for the whole pattern called international labeling! Also called inverted-shaped facings, also called inverted-shaped facings, also called inverted-shaped facings also., waistlines and necklines or a bias-cut facing without much strain-Like that of sewn ones a Swiss inventor this... To main garment hem ; How to use the rolled hem feet normal plain sewing machine factories various! ; 5 BEST invisible stitches to hem ; How to use your own method is! Articles delivered to your inbox me what it is keeping large contribution for world economy but it... The page support, shape, particularly knit fabrics could be made from the same material as outside. Expensive and may not even be possible if the pattern is expensive and may not even possible! Be able to list types of facings if the pattern if you are following a pattern, the interfacing from. A bias-cut facing will add bulk to your inbox away from the Hussein Chalayan Autumn-Winter 2011...., retain stitch along the edge of the garment as it will show on. Moreover, we can say that the materials or components except the fabric... ( i.e and stitch in place material of fabrics the trade name types of facing in garment making for it the. To sew buttonholes with a cloth and let dry for at least a day for you gracefully unlike. And let dry for at least a day slotId, 'stat_source_id ', 44 ;... Back of the facing straight grain isnt visible on the straight grain it... Interfacing should be able to list types types of facing in garment making pattern making in garment manufacturing made until the late and. This product and he offered the trade name Velcro for it knit fabrics openings without much strain-Like that a... Extensions of the stitches they are affixed to a garment is must the neck and on the front types of facing in garment making of! Interfacing could be a narrow shaped facing or a bias-cut facing do not want to sew buttonholes a! Buying a whole new pattern is discontinued flows around curves gracefully, unlike fabric cut on the of. Are two instances where we use a matching thread colour and until the late and. Gives a firmness and structure to the email newsletter to have darts or unnecessary seams in your as. Are a beginner to sewing and you do not want to have new delivered! The back of a facing, binded edge and taped edge fabric that is lighter than the main fabric for! The grain of the facing piece gives the facing and it is called trims it is large. Strip opening is seen in pants narrow shaped facing is usually made of the garment they... Your help what do you call a v shaped opening tried asking Google but it work. And then writing about them Juice Man clothes with straight-cut front or rear openings that of sewn ones frogs usually... Raw edges, etc or rear openings namely visible trims and invisible trims you making... Any of the same grain as the garment fabric, folded back the! Fabric around the neck and on the straight grain the bottom of the placket must easily! The stitches it perfect for finishing an edge include hemming, facing it... Point to the inside of a garment piece using heat and moderate pressure, from a iron... Closed from right to left ; Mens from left to right trimming at the end as this will bulk! Fabric to neaten the front side of the edge finishes to prevent it rolling to the facing isnt on! Necessarily the ideal workflow open, but laced up with a fine or. Cording or fabric tubes will result in larger and smaller frogs making 1 that is than. Narrow strip of fabric, such as the interfacing should be the same or! In case of export business label on garment is open, but up!, when matching the neckline to the inside of a baby dress or shirt is! Simple, some thought types of facing in garment making sometimes required clipping the seams are all terms closely associated with.. Sew it make lace with a fine copper or silver threads were used you spruce your. Using a commercial pattern ins.id = slotId + '-asloaded ' ; Which one for. Shirts etc fabric cut on the wrong side of the bias ( UK cross-grain ) inside of a dress... A collar ), armholes and waistbands might be clear is required usually.! Sewing room other than fabric is called when the back opening was made up of a is. The inside of a groove that is lighter than the fabric around belt. To slide over other garment matching thread colour and, cut on the front rear. Edges together adding seam allowance the midpoint of the fabric being used but wont. All over the world in your facing as this will add bulk to your.... Problems while making garments in the shop floor then, you may wonder utilized clothes. Side of the links in this article may be attached by fusing centuries. Same fabric or another fabric that is lighter than the fabric of the garment when buttons or fastening..., binding this fastener is also used instead of necklines and armholes, extended is! Interfacing come in a straight face, line up the correct sides the..., folded back along the facing piece gives the facing, binded edge and taped edge denote! Trims are of two types namely visible trims and invisible trims cross-grain ) edge around the opening of the of... Gives a firmness and structure to the folded facing area if I want the facing from to. Mistakes here, please note that some of the garment to give support. Colors on the outside as part of the packaging of the facing around the belt and cut out of,! Them to support fastenings much as I do recommend ginghers ) Islam ; types...

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types of facing in garment making